---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      name:  <unnamed>
       log:  C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\Main_analysis.log
  log type:  text
 opened on:  12 May 2020, 18:28:07

. 
. 
. *________________________________________ LOADING DATA
. use ${dirin2}final_database.dta, clear

. 
. 
. *________________________________________ FIGURES
. 
. ******** FIGURE 1
. spmap tmi_q3 using ${dirin}prov_coord if year==2007, id(_ID) fcolor(Greys) /*
> */ legend(label(1 "Excluded sample") label(2 "1st tertile") label(3 "2nd tertile") label(4 "3rd tertile") )

. graph export ${dirout}fig1.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig1.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig1.eps written in EPS format)

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 2
. preserve

. keep mafia_n3 name_prov id

. collapse mafia_n3, by(name_prov id)

. merge 1:m  name_prov  using ${dirin}quarter.dta

    Result                           # of obs.
    -----------------------------------------
    not matched                             0
    matched                             4,532  (_merge==3)
    -----------------------------------------

. drop _merge

. 
. xtset id date, q
       panel variable:  id (strongly balanced)
        time variable:  date, 2003q1 to 2013q4
                delta:  1 quarter

. gen diff_credit=(credit_tot-l4.credit_tot)/l4.credit_tot
(412 missing values generated)

. drop if year==2003
(412 observations deleted)

. 
. bysort  date: egen NoMafia=mean(diff_credit) if mafia_n3==0
(1880 missing values generated)

. bysort  date: egen Mafia=mean(diff_credit) if mafia_n3==1
(3000 missing values generated)

. label var Mafia "Mafia"

. label var NoMafia  "No Mafia"

. 
. twoway (line NoMafia date if mafia_n3==0, graphregion(color(white)) ytitle("Business loans - Variation over 4 quarters", s(small)) /*
> */ lwidth(0.7) lc(black)  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(small)) xlab(176(1)215, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) xline(190, lc(black) lp(dash)) yline(0, lc(black) lp(dash)))/*
> */ (line Mafia date if mafia_n3==1, graphregion(color(white))  ytitle("Business loans - Variation over 4 quarters", s(small)) /*
> */ lwidth(0.7) lc(gray)  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(small))  xlab(176(1)215, labs(vsmall) angle(45)) xline(190, lc(black) lp(dash)) yline(0, lc(black) lp(dash)))

. graph export ${dirout}fig2.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig2.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig2.eps written in EPS format)

. restore

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 3
. preserve

. import excel ${dirin}drugs.xlsx, sheet("Foglio1") firstrow clear

. reshape long OffencesEcstasy OffencesAmp OffencesCocaine OffencesHeroin OffencesCannabis /*
> */ MeanpriceEcstasy MeanpriceAmp MeanpriceCocaine MeanpriceHeroin MeanpriceCannabis /*
> */ SeizuresKgEcstasy SeizuresKgAmp SeizuresKgCocaine SeizuresKgHeroin SeizuresKgCannabis /*
> */ SeizuresNumberEcstasy SeizuresNumberAmp SeizuresNumberCocaine SeizuresNumberHeroin /*
> */ SeizuresNumberCannabis Use, i(variable) j(year)
(note: j = 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014)

Data                               wide   ->   long
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of obs.                        1   ->      11
Number of variables                 232   ->      23
j variable (11 values)                    ->   year
xij variables:
OffencesEcstasy2004 OffencesEcstasy2005 ... OffencesEcstasy2014->OffencesEcstasy
OffencesAmp2004 OffencesAmp2005 ... OffencesAmp2014->OffencesAmp
OffencesCocaine2004 OffencesCocaine2005 ... OffencesCocaine2014->OffencesCocaine
OffencesHeroin2004 OffencesHeroin2005 ... OffencesHeroin2014->OffencesHeroin
OffencesCannabis2004 OffencesCannabis2005 ... OffencesCannabis2014->OffencesCannabis
MeanpriceEcstasy2004 MeanpriceEcstasy2005 ... MeanpriceEcstasy2014->MeanpriceEcstasy
MeanpriceAmp2004 MeanpriceAmp2005 ... MeanpriceAmp2014->MeanpriceAmp
MeanpriceCocaine2004 MeanpriceCocaine2005 ... MeanpriceCocaine2014->MeanpriceCocaine
MeanpriceHeroin2004 MeanpriceHeroin2005 ... MeanpriceHeroin2014->MeanpriceHeroin
MeanpriceCannabis2004 MeanpriceCannabis2005 ... MeanpriceCannabis2014->MeanpriceCannabis
SeizuresKgEcstasy2004 SeizuresKgEcstasy2005 ... SeizuresKgEcstasy2014->SeizuresKgEcstasy
SeizuresKgAmp2004 SeizuresKgAmp2005 ... SeizuresKgAmp2014->SeizuresKgAmp
SeizuresKgCocaine2004 SeizuresKgCocaine2005 ... SeizuresKgCocaine2014->SeizuresKgCocaine
SeizuresKgHeroin2004 SeizuresKgHeroin2005 ... SeizuresKgHeroin2014->SeizuresKgHeroin
SeizuresKgCannabis2004 SeizuresKgCannabis2005 ... SeizuresKgCannabis2014->SeizuresKgCannabis
SeizuresNumberEcstasy2004 SeizuresNumberEcstasy2005 ... SeizuresNumberEcstasy2014->SeizuresNumberEcstasy
SeizuresNumberAmp2004 SeizuresNumberAmp2005 ... SeizuresNumberAmp2014->SeizuresNumberAmp
SeizuresNumberCocaine2004 SeizuresNumberCocaine2005 ... SeizuresNumberCocaine2014->SeizuresNumberCocaine
SeizuresNumberHeroin2004 SeizuresNumberHeroin2005 ... SeizuresNumberHeroin2014->SeizuresNumberHeroin
SeizuresNumberCannabis2004 SeizuresNumberCannabis2005 ... SeizuresNumberCannabis2014->SeizuresNumberCannabis
            Use2004 Use2005 ... Use2014   ->   Use
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

. 
. keep if year<=2013
(1 observation deleted)

. label var Use "Drug use"

. 
. foreach var in OffencesEcstasy MeanpriceEcstasy SeizuresKgEcstasy SeizuresNumberEcstasy {
  2. label var `var' "Ecstasy"
  3. }

. foreach var in OffencesAmp MeanpriceAmp SeizuresKgAmp SeizuresNumberAmp {
  2. label var `var' "Amphetamines"
  3. }

. foreach var in OffencesCocaine MeanpriceCocaine SeizuresKgCocaine SeizuresNumberCocaine {
  2. label var `var' "Cocaine"
  3. }

. foreach var in OffencesHeroin MeanpriceHeroin SeizuresKgHeroin SeizuresNumberHeroin {
  2. label var `var' "Heroin"
  3. }

. foreach var in OffencesCannabis MeanpriceCannabis SeizuresKgCannabis SeizuresNumberCannabis {
  2. label var `var' "Cannabis"
  3. }

. 
. * Panel (a): Offences
. twoway  (line OffencesAmp year if year>2005, lc(Greys) lp(dash)) (line OffencesCocaine year if year>2005, lc(black) lp(longdash))/*
> */ (line OffencesHeroin year if year>2005, lc(Grey) lp(dash_dot)) (line OffencesCannabis year  if year>2005, lc(Greys)), /*
> */ xlabel(2004(1)2013, labs(small)) xline(2006, lc(black) lp(dash)) title("(a): Offenses", c(black) s(small)) /*
> */ ytitle("Total offenses for drugs use", size(small))  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) 
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Grey not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Grey not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)

. graph save ${dirout}fig3_a.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_a.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_a.gph saved)

. 
. * Panel (b): Seizure Nunmber
. twoway  (line SeizuresNumberAmp year if year>2005, lc(Greys) lp(dash)) (line SeizuresNumberCocaine year if year>2005, lc(Greys) lp(longdash)) /*
> */ (line SeizuresNumberHeroin year if year>2005, lc(Greys) lp(dash_dot)) (line SeizuresNumberCannabis year if year>2005, lc(Greys)), /*
> */ xlabel(2004(1)2013, labs(small)) xline(2006, lc(black) lp(dash)) title("(b): Number of seizures", c(black) s(small)) /*
> */ ytitle("Total number of seizures", size(small))  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) 
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)

. graph save ${dirout}fig3_b.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_b.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_b.gph saved)

. 
. * Panel (c): Seizure KG
. twoway  (line SeizuresKgAmp year, lc(Greys) lp(dash)) (line SeizuresKgCocaine year, lc(Greys) lp(longdash)) /*
> */ (line SeizuresKgHeroin year, lc(Greys) lp(dash_dot)) (line SeizuresKgCannabis year, lc(Greys)), /*
> */ xlabel(2004(1)2013, labs(small)) xline(2006, lc(black) lp(dash)) title("(c): Quantity seized", c(black) s(small)) /*
> */ ytitle("Total seizures (Kg)", size(small))  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) 
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)

. graph save ${dirout}fig3_c.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_c.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_c.gph saved)

. 
. * Panel (d): Price 
. twoway  (line MeanpriceAmp year, lc(Greys) lp(dash)) (line MeanpriceCocaine year, lc(Greys) lp(longdash)) /*
> */ (line MeanpriceHeroin year, lc(Greys) lp(dash_dot)) (line MeanpriceCannabis year, lc(Greys)), /*
> */ xlabel(2004(1)2013, labs(small)) xline(2006, lc(black) lp(dash)) title("(d): Price", c(black) s(small)) /*
> */ ytitle("Mean price", size(small))  xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) 
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)

. graph save ${dirout}fig3_d.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_d.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3_d.gph saved)

. 
. cd ${dirout}
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. graph combine fig3_a.gph fig3_b.gph fig3_c.gph fig3_d.gph, c(2) r(2) graphregion(color(white)) 
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Grey not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Grey not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)
(note:  named style Greys not found in class color, default attributes used)

. graph export ${dirout}fig3.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig3.eps written in EPS format)

. restore

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 4
. * Panel (a): Parallel trends 
. bysort year: egen ebr_mafia=mean(new_std) if mafia_n3==1
(1275 missing values generated)

. bysort year: egen ebr_nomafia=mean(new_std) if mafia_n3==0
(799 missing values generated)

. label var ebr_mafia "Mafia"

. label var ebr_nomafia  "No Mafia"

. 
. twoway (line ebr_nomafia year if year>=2003, lwidth(0.7) lc(black)) /*
> */ (line ebr_mafia year if year>=2003, lwidth(0.7) lc(gray) lp(solid)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_nomafia year if  mafia_n3==0 & year>=2003 & year<2007, color (black) lpattern(dash)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_mafia year if  mafia_n3==1 &  year>=2003 & year<2007, color (gray) lpattern(dash)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_nomafia year if  mafia_n3==0 & year>2005, color (black) lpattern(dash))/*
> */ (lfit ebr_mafia year if  mafia_n3==1 & year>2005, color (gray) lpattern(dash)), /*
> */ xlabel(2003 "(t-4)" 2004 "(t-3)" 2005 "(t-2)" 2006 "(t-1)" 2007 "(t)" /*
> */ 2008 "(t+1)" 2009 "(t+2)" 2010 "(t+3)" 2011 "(t+4)" 2012 "(t+5)" 2013 "(t+6)", angle(45) labs(small))/*
> */ title("(a): 2003 - 2013", s(small) c(black)) xline(2006, lp(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ ytitle("Avg. num. of new enterprises (per 100,000 inh.)", size(vsmall)) /*
> */ xtitle("") ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) leg(order(1 2))

. graph save ${dirout}fig4_a.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_a.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_a.gph saved)

. drop ebr_mafia ebr_nomafia 

. 
. * Panel (b): Event study
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln *_mafia_n3 year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, /*
> */ timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0025793   .0179537    -0.14   0.886    -.0378151    .0326566
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0169487   .0169822     1.00   0.319    -.0163804    .0502778
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0201269   .0165677     1.21   0.225    -.0123886    .0526424
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0158661   .0122178     1.30   0.194    -.0081125    .0398447
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0304155   .0134342     2.26   0.024     .0040497    .0567814
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0324585   .0163306     1.99   0.047     .0004081    .0645089
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0510786   .0178126     2.87   0.004     .0161198    .0860374
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0590742    .018321     3.22   0.001     .0231176    .0950308
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0723067   .0185472     3.90   0.000     .0359062    .1087072
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0526769   .0191998     2.74   0.006     .0149955    .0903582
   year_11_north |  -.0314192   .0114583    -2.74   0.006    -.0539071   -.0089313
   year_12_north |  -.0595042   .0125349    -4.75   0.000    -.0841052   -.0349033
   year_13_north |  -.0615264   .0170826    -3.60   0.000    -.0950526   -.0280002
   year_14_north |  -.0872816   .0158175    -5.52   0.000    -.1183249   -.0562383
   year_15_north |  -.0993197   .0164182    -6.05   0.000    -.1315419   -.0670976
   year_16_north |  -.1207303   .0168767    -7.15   0.000    -.1538523   -.0876083
   year_17_north |  -.1360021   .0177122    -7.68   0.000    -.1707639   -.1012402
    year_7_north |   .0247395    .019989     1.24   0.216    -.0144907    .0639698
    year_8_north |   .0323556   .0183336     1.76   0.078    -.0036258     .068337
    year_9_north |    .021548   .0205163     1.05   0.294    -.0187171    .0618131
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig4_b, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_b.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_b.dta saved

. test _b[year_7_mafia_n3]=_b[year_8_mafia_n3]=_b[year_9_mafia_n3]=0

 ( 1)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_8_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 2)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_9_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 3)  year_7_mafia_n3 = 0

       F(  3,   904) =    1.09
            Prob > F =    0.3518

. 
. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig4_b.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(10 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small))/*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(b): 2003 - 2013", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate", s(vsmall)) ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig4_b.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_b.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_b.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (c): Parallel trends - Extended
. bysort year: egen ebr_mafia=mean(new_std) if mafia_n3==1
(1275 missing values generated)

. bysort year: egen ebr_nomafia=mean(new_std) if mafia_n3==0
(799 missing values generated)

. label var ebr_mafia "Mafia"

. label var ebr_nomafia  "No Mafia"

. 
. twoway (line ebr_nomafia year, lwidth(0.7) lc(black)) /*
> */ (line ebr_mafia year if year>=1997, lwidth(0.7) lc(gray) lp(solid)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_nomafia year if  mafia_n3==0 & year<2007, color (black) lpattern(dash)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_mafia year if  mafia_n3==1 &  year<2007, color (gray) lpattern(dash)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_nomafia year if  mafia_n3==0 & year>2005, color (black) lpattern(dash)) /*
> */ (lfit ebr_mafia year if  mafia_n3==1 & year>2005, color (gray) lpattern(dash)), /*
> */ xlabel(1997 "(t-10)" 1998 "(t-9)" 1999 "(t-8)" 2000 "(t-7)" 2001 "(t-6)" 2002 "(t-5)" /*
> */ 2003 "(t-4)" 2004 "(t-3)" 2005 "(t-2)" 2006 "(t-1)" 2007 "(t)" 2008 "(t+1)" 2009 "(t+2)" /*
> */ 2010 "(t+3)" 2011 "(t+4)" 2012 "(t+5)" 2013 "(t+6)",  angle(45) labs(small)) /*
> */ title("(c): 1997 - 2013", s(small) c(black)) xline(2006, lp(dash) lc(black))  /*
> */ ytitle("Avg. num. new enterprises (per 100,000 inh.)", size(vsmall))  xtitle("") /*
> */ ylabel(,labs(vsmall)) graphregion(color(white)) leg(order(1 2))

. graph save ${dirout}fig4_c.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_c.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_c.gph saved)

. drop ebr_mafia ebr_nomafia 

. 
. * Panel (d): Event study - Extended
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln *_mafia_n3 year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north year_1_north year_2_north year_3_north /*
> */ year_4_north year_5_north year_6_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_1_mafia_n3 year_2_mafia_n3 year_3_mafia_n3 year_4_mafia_n3 year_5_mafia_n3 year_6_mafia_n3 year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year
> _12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n3 year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_
> 17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_1_mafia_n3 |   .0083969   .0235312     0.36   0.721    -.0377634    .0545571
 year_2_mafia_n3 |   .0258411     .02083     1.24   0.215    -.0150203    .0667025
 year_3_mafia_n3 |  -.0017119   .0209665    -0.08   0.935     -.042841    .0394173
 year_4_mafia_n3 |  -.0083317   .0232056    -0.36   0.720    -.0538532    .0371898
 year_5_mafia_n3 |   .0343132   .0198506     1.73   0.084    -.0046269    .0732534
 year_6_mafia_n3 |   .0159174   .0213054     0.75   0.455    -.0258764    .0577112
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0033307   .0178666    -0.19   0.852    -.0383789    .0317175
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0161973   .0174169     0.93   0.353    -.0179687    .0503633
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0193755   .0166964     1.16   0.246    -.0133772    .0521281
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0151147   .0131407     1.15   0.250    -.0106629    .0408922
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0296641   .0143973     2.06   0.040     .0014216    .0579066
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0317071    .016837     1.88   0.060    -.0013214    .0647355
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0503272   .0185455     2.71   0.007     .0139473     .086707
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0583228   .0193666     3.01   0.003      .020332    .0963135
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0715552   .0198241     3.61   0.000     .0326672    .1104433
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0519254   .0205682     2.52   0.012     .0115776    .0922732
   year_11_north |  -.0735002   .0189218    -3.88   0.000    -.1106184   -.0363821
   year_12_north |  -.1015853   .0185359    -5.48   0.000    -.1379464   -.0652241
   year_13_north |  -.1036074   .0194092    -5.34   0.000    -.1416815   -.0655333
   year_14_north |  -.1293626   .0164132    -7.88   0.000    -.1615596   -.0971656
   year_15_north |  -.1414008   .0164584    -8.59   0.000    -.1736865    -.109115
   year_16_north |  -.1628113   .0167522    -9.72   0.000    -.1956733   -.1299493
   year_17_north |  -.1780831    .017936    -9.93   0.000    -.2132674   -.1428987
    year_7_north |  -.0173415    .012595    -1.38   0.169    -.0420485    .0073655
    year_8_north |  -.0097254   .0111093    -0.88   0.381     -.031518    .0120672
    year_9_north |  -.0205331   .0138463    -1.48   0.138    -.0476948    .0066287
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig4_d, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_d.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_d.dta saved

. test _b[year_7_mafia_n3]=_b[year_8_mafia_n3]=_b[year_9_mafia_n3]=_b[year_6_mafia_n3]=_b[year_5_mafia_n3]=_b[year_4_mafia_n3]=_b[year_3_mafia_n3]=_b[year_2_mafia_n3]=_b[year_1_mafia_n3]=0

 ( 1)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_8_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 2)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_9_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 3)  - year_6_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 4)  - year_5_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 5)  - year_4_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 6)  - year_3_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 7)  - year_2_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 8)  - year_1_mafia_n3 + year_7_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 9)  year_7_mafia_n3 = 0

       F(  9,  1402) =    1.35
            Prob > F =    0.2082

. 
. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig4_d.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(10 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 16, now 17

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88        5.88
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       11.76
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       17.65
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       23.53
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       29.41
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       35.29
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       41.18
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       47.06
 year_1_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       52.94
 year_2_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       58.82
 year_3_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       64.71
 year_4_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       70.59
 year_5_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       76.47
 year_6_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       82.35
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       88.24
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88       94.12
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        5.88      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         17      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(17 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(17 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)), /*
> */ title("(d): 1997 - 2013", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(1(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate", s(vsmall)) ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig4_d.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_d.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig4_d.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. cd ${dirout}
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. graph combine fig4_a.gph fig4_b.gph fig4_c.gph fig4_d.gph, c(2) graphregion(color(white))

. graph export fig4.eps, replace
(note: file fig4.eps not found)
(file fig4.eps written in EPS format)

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 5
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln *_mafia_n3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) /*
> */ lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0174997   .0151569    -1.15   0.249    -.0472469    .0122475
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0027753   .0134768     0.21   0.837    -.0236746    .0292251
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0051781   .0107394     0.48   0.630    -.0158991    .0262554
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0143142   .0120162     1.19   0.234    -.0092689    .0378973
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0266064   .0131081     2.03   0.043     .0008802    .0523325
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0295394   .0151871     1.95   0.052    -.0002669    .0593458
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0424149   .0169568     2.50   0.013     .0091353    .0756945
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0487659    .015771     3.09   0.002     .0178135    .0797184
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0622169   .0169136     3.68   0.000      .029022    .0954118
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0451542   .0163838     2.76   0.006     .0129992    .0773093
         pop_urb |   2.437183   .5469917     4.46   0.000     1.363649    3.510717
         tourism |   .0052617   .0073531     0.72   0.474    -.0091695    .0196929
           trial |  -.0000143   6.86e-06    -2.08   0.038    -.0000277   -8.06e-07
       wastes_xc |    .047704   .0920098     0.52   0.604     -.132876    .2282839
       big_banks |   -.130277   .0539388    -2.42   0.016    -.2361382   -.0244159
        self_emp |   .1842783   .1217944     1.51   0.131    -.0547572    .4233138
           blood |   .0176301     .01389     1.27   0.205    -.0096305    .0448908
   newspapers_ln |   .0209466   .0225095     0.93   0.352    -.0232309    .0651242
   year_11_north |  -.0310695   .0115791    -2.68   0.007    -.0537947   -.0083442
   year_12_north |   -.051352   .0136901    -3.75   0.000    -.0782203   -.0244836
   year_13_north |  -.0535718   .0152862    -3.50   0.000    -.0835727   -.0235709
   year_14_north |   -.069075    .016201    -4.26   0.000    -.1008714   -.0372787
   year_15_north |  -.0796713   .0164302    -4.85   0.000    -.1119174   -.0474251
   year_16_north |  -.1006354   .0172709    -5.83   0.000    -.1345315   -.0667392
   year_17_north |  -.1138267   .0179597    -6.34   0.000    -.1490747   -.0785787
    year_7_north |   .0041418   .0158628     0.26   0.794    -.0269909    .0352744
    year_8_north |   .0109768   .0129516     0.85   0.397    -.0144422    .0363958
    year_9_north |   .0001401   .0115062     0.01   0.990    -.0224422    .0227224
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig5, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig5.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig5.dta saved

. test _b[year_7_mafia_n3]=_b[year_8_mafia_n3]=_b[year_9_mafia_n3]=0

 ( 1)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_8_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 2)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_9_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 3)  year_7_mafia_n3 = 0

       F(  3,   896) =    0.88
            Prob > F =    0.4485

. 
. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig5.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small))/*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)), /*
> */ xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) /*
> */ xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  /*
> */ ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(small))

. graph export ${dirout}fig5.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig5.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig5.eps written in EPS format)

. restore

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 6
. * Panel (a):  Construction
. reg2hdfespatial construction_std_ln *_mafia_n3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: construction_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
construction_s~n |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0501563   .0309024    -1.62   0.105    -.1108058    .0104932
 year_8_mafia_n3 |  -.0034773    .026648    -0.13   0.896    -.0557771    .0488226
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0085792    .022094     0.39   0.698    -.0347828    .0519412
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0507692   .0269921     1.88   0.060     -.002206    .1037444
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0623602   .0288062     2.16   0.031     .0058247    .1188957
year_13_mafia_n3 |    .104443   .0327962     3.18   0.001     .0400767    .1688093
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .1426118   .0364369     3.91   0.000     .0711003    .2141234
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .1253548    .033988     3.69   0.000     .0586494    .1920603
year_16_mafia_n3 |    .213924   .0429982     4.98   0.000     .1295351     .298313
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .1527656   .0409013     3.73   0.000     .0724922     .233039
         pop_urb |   1.941225   .7233731     2.68   0.007     .5215215    3.360928
         tourism |  -.0117328   .0161612    -0.73   0.468     -.043451    .0199854
           trial |  -.0000176   .0000141    -1.25   0.212    -.0000451      .00001
       wastes_xc |   .1816722   .1613613     1.13   0.261     -.135018    .4983623
       big_banks |  -.5333024   .1277822    -4.17   0.000    -.7840897   -.2825151
        self_emp |   .2163895   .2101401     1.03   0.303    -.1960346    .6288135
           blood |   .0002038   .0324013     0.01   0.995    -.0633875    .0637951
   newspapers_ln |   .0686956    .041581     1.65   0.099    -.0129118    .1503031
   year_11_north |  -.0443607   .0286097    -1.55   0.121    -.1005106    .0117892
   year_12_north |   -.080616   .0277295    -2.91   0.004    -.1350383   -.0261938
   year_13_north |  -.0754579   .0318901    -2.37   0.018    -.1380459     -.01287
   year_14_north |  -.1042491   .0345918    -3.01   0.003    -.1721395   -.0363587
   year_15_north |  -.0606891   .0360539    -1.68   0.093     -.131449    .0100709
   year_16_north |  -.1260064   .0430126    -2.93   0.003    -.2104237   -.0415892
   year_17_north |  -.1213177   .0432823    -2.80   0.005    -.2062642   -.0363711
    year_7_north |   .0350876   .0296884     1.18   0.238    -.0231792    .0933545
    year_8_north |   .0774474   .0252776     3.06   0.002     .0278372    .1270575
    year_9_north |   .0008782   .0230824     0.04   0.970    -.0444236      .04618
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_a, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_a.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_a.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_a.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(a): Construction", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_a.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_a.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_a.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (b):  Limited Liability Companies
. reg2hdfespatial limited_std_ln *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: limited_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  limited_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0288132   .0214095    -1.35   0.179    -.0708317    .0132053
 year_8_mafia_n3 |  -.0312487   .0204071    -1.53   0.126       -.0713    .0088026
 year_9_mafia_n3 |  -.0165767   .0212506    -0.78   0.436    -.0582835    .0251301
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0165343   .0165021     1.00   0.317     -.015853    .0489215
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0464957   .0239147     1.94   0.052    -.0004396     .093431
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0681117    .027681     2.46   0.014     .0137847    .1224388
year_14_mafia_n3 |    .052991   .0340288     1.56   0.120    -.0137945    .1197764
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0678605   .0265954     2.55   0.011      .015664    .1200571
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0610805   .0283624     2.15   0.032     .0054161    .1167449
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0920741   .0331628     2.78   0.006     .0269883    .1571599
         pop_urb |   3.488455   .6501907     5.37   0.000     2.212381    4.764529
         tourism |   .0347371   .0145939     2.38   0.018     .0060949    .0633793
           trial |  -.0000167   9.30e-06    -1.80   0.073     -.000035    1.54e-06
       wastes_xc |   .4141918   .2445811     1.69   0.091    -.0658268    .8942104
       big_banks |  -.2459213   .1099266    -2.24   0.026    -.4616648   -.0301777
        self_emp |   .1858656   .1550381     1.20   0.231    -.1184145    .4901457
           blood |   .0676523   .0290173     2.33   0.020     .0107025    .1246022
   newspapers_ln |   .0738537   .0376198     1.96   0.050     .0000205    .1476869
   year_11_north |  -.0126192   .0170135    -0.74   0.458    -.0460101    .0207717
   year_12_north |  -.0566232   .0268661    -2.11   0.035    -.1093511   -.0038953
   year_13_north |  -.1123021    .032009    -3.51   0.000    -.1751235   -.0494807
   year_14_north |   -.091741   .0351278    -2.61   0.009    -.1606834   -.0227987
   year_15_north |  -.0751525   .0344874    -2.18   0.030    -.1428381    -.007467
   year_16_north |  -.1268531   .0354342    -3.58   0.000    -.1963969   -.0573093
   year_17_north |   -.146507    .040747    -3.60   0.000    -.2264776   -.0665364
    year_7_north |  -.0247074   .0234438    -1.05   0.292    -.0707186    .0213038
    year_8_north |   .0084577   .0240758     0.35   0.725    -.0387938    .0557092
    year_9_north |   .0190247   .0198668     0.96   0.339    -.0199662    .0580155
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_b, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_b.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_b.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_b.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(b): Limited companies", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_b.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_b.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_b.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (c):  Research
. reg2hdfespatial ric_std_ln *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: ric_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      ric_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.0101452   .0608094    -0.17   0.868    -.1294906    .1092003
 year_8_mafia_n3 |  -.0365619   .0515435    -0.71   0.478    -.1377219     .064598
 year_9_mafia_n3 |  -.0316354   .0490797    -0.64   0.519    -.1279599    .0646891
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0010419   .0532147     0.02   0.984    -.1033979    .1054818
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0084629    .050211     0.17   0.866    -.0900818    .1070077
year_13_mafia_n3 |  -.0998143   .0588171    -1.70   0.090    -.2152497    .0156212
year_14_mafia_n3 |  -.0530618   .0632695    -0.84   0.402    -.1772354    .0711118
year_15_mafia_n3 |  -.0435488   .0599239    -0.73   0.468    -.1611563    .0740587
year_16_mafia_n3 |  -.0509996   .0566919    -0.90   0.369     -.162264    .0602648
year_17_mafia_n3 |  -.0626643   .0585314    -1.07   0.285    -.1775389    .0522104
         pop_urb |   2.072285   1.172073     1.77   0.077    -.2280437    4.372613
         tourism |   .0262106    .028974     0.90   0.366    -.0306543    .0830755
           trial |  -.0000386   .0000257    -1.50   0.133     -.000089    .0000117
       wastes_xc |   .5164872   .2699919     1.91   0.056    -.0134031    1.046377
       big_banks |   .0524652   .2085535     0.25   0.801    -.3568451    .4617756
        self_emp |   .5613782   .3797645     1.48   0.140    -.1839533     1.30671
           blood |   .0007758   .0461183     0.02   0.987    -.0897367    .0912883
   newspapers_ln |  -.0100747   .1166261    -0.09   0.931    -.2389669    .2188175
   year_11_north |  -.0326811     .04915    -0.66   0.506    -.1291436    .0637814
   year_12_north |   .0516258   .0488076     1.06   0.290    -.0441648    .1474163
   year_13_north |   .0746402   .0569995     1.31   0.191     -.037228    .1865083
   year_14_north |   .1047445   .0599875     1.75   0.081    -.0129879     .222477
   year_15_north |   .0446401   .0616304     0.72   0.469    -.0763167    .1655969
   year_16_north |   .0618781    .060101     1.03   0.303    -.0560771    .1798333
   year_17_north |   .0112118   .0722124     0.16   0.877    -.1305134     .152937
    year_7_north |  -.0107214   .0599899    -0.18   0.858    -.1284586    .1070157
    year_8_north |   .0717687   .0524051     1.37   0.171    -.0310822    .1746197
    year_9_north |   .0374167   .0516277     0.72   0.469    -.0639085     .138742
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_c, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_c.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_c.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_c.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(c): R&D", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_c.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_c.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_c.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (d):  GDP
. reg2hdfespatial ln_gdp *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: ln_gdp
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          ln_gdp |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |   .0070858    .007547     0.94   0.348     -.007726    .0218976
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0027479   .0082974     0.33   0.741    -.0135367    .0190326
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0052066   .0067324     0.77   0.440    -.0080064    .0184197
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0058303   .0051508     1.13   0.258    -.0042787    .0159393
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0081923   .0098539     0.83   0.406    -.0111471    .0275316
year_13_mafia_n3 |  -.0048393   .0108857    -0.44   0.657    -.0262038    .0165253
year_14_mafia_n3 |  -.0100872   .0113543    -0.89   0.375    -.0323714    .0121969
year_15_mafia_n3 |  -.0101305   .0112623    -0.90   0.369    -.0322342    .0119731
year_16_mafia_n3 |  -.0096962   .0127636    -0.76   0.448    -.0347462    .0153537
year_17_mafia_n3 |   -.012181   .0122154    -1.00   0.319    -.0361551    .0117931
         pop_urb |  -.0343232   .2271238    -0.15   0.880    -.4800798    .4114333
         tourism |   .0086577   .0058107     1.49   0.137    -.0027464    .0200619
           trial |   1.75e-06   3.02e-06     0.58   0.562    -4.17e-06    7.67e-06
       wastes_xc |  -.0391196   .0549713    -0.71   0.477    -.1470071    .0687679
       big_banks |  -.0285717   .0378081    -0.76   0.450    -.1027744     .045631
        self_emp |   .5238054   .1170019     4.48   0.000     .2941756    .7534351
           blood |  -.0194546   .0152521    -1.28   0.202    -.0493887    .0104794
   newspapers_ln |  -.0147728   .0099849    -1.48   0.139    -.0343693    .0048236
   year_11_north |   .0002608   .0051998     0.05   0.960    -.0099444    .0104659
   year_12_north |  -.0031633   .0103361    -0.31   0.760    -.0234492    .0171225
   year_13_north |  -.0319989   .0119492    -2.68   0.008    -.0554505   -.0085472
   year_14_north |  -.0152378   .0122004    -1.25   0.212    -.0391826     .008707
   year_15_north |  -.0072032   .0138746    -0.52   0.604    -.0344337    .0200273
   year_16_north |  -.0201677   .0145852    -1.38   0.167    -.0487927    .0084574
   year_17_north |  -.0038494   .0158233    -0.24   0.808    -.0349045    .0272057
    year_7_north |   .0101668    .007709     1.32   0.188     -.004963    .0252966
    year_8_north |   .0018661   .0083499     0.22   0.823    -.0145216    .0182538
    year_9_north |   .0033397   .0064662     0.52   0.606    -.0093509    .0160303
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_d, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_d.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_d.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_d.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(d): GDP per capita", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_d.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_d.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_d.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (e):  Unemployment rate
. reg2hdfespatial un_rate *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: un_rate
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         un_rate |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |   .0045701   .0022702     2.01   0.044     .0001146    .0090257
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0085078   .0036481     2.33   0.020     .0013479    .0156677
 year_9_mafia_n3 |    .005043   .0032041     1.57   0.116    -.0012453    .0113314
year_11_mafia_n3 |   .0016059   .0026553     0.60   0.545    -.0036054    .0068172
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0003429   .0026795     0.13   0.898    -.0049158    .0056017
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0024605   .0031721     0.78   0.438    -.0037651     .008686
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0025025   .0033243     0.75   0.452    -.0040218    .0090268
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0003323    .002903     0.11   0.909    -.0053651    .0060297
year_16_mafia_n3 |  -.0001106   .0033876    -0.03   0.974    -.0067591    .0065378
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0051763   .0041298     1.25   0.210    -.0029289    .0132815
         pop_urb |   .0116318   .0442367     0.26   0.793    -.0751879    .0984514
         tourism |  -.0006889    .001113    -0.62   0.536    -.0028734    .0014955
           trial |   1.63e-06   1.23e-06     1.33   0.184    -7.79e-07    4.05e-06
       wastes_xc |  -.0121228   .0209867    -0.58   0.564    -.0533116    .0290659
       big_banks |    .022418   .0112491     1.99   0.047     .0003404    .0444957
        self_emp |  -.0273328   .0207335    -1.32   0.188    -.0680247    .0133591
           blood |   .0008305   .0032741     0.25   0.800    -.0055952    .0072562
   newspapers_ln |  -.0004647   .0032772    -0.14   0.887    -.0068966    .0059671
   year_11_north |    .002746   .0023959     1.15   0.252    -.0019562    .0074483
   year_12_north |  -.0008993   .0030704    -0.29   0.770    -.0069254    .0051267
   year_13_north |   .0022179   .0035122     0.63   0.528    -.0046752     .009111
   year_14_north |   .0056093   .0032067     1.75   0.081    -.0006842    .0119028
   year_15_north |   .0037333   .0030503     1.22   0.221    -.0022531    .0097198
   year_16_north |   .0012506   .0033049     0.38   0.705    -.0052357    .0077368
   year_17_north |  -.0014411   .0042382    -0.34   0.734    -.0097589    .0068768
    year_7_north |  -.0030677   .0021487    -1.43   0.154    -.0072848    .0011493
    year_8_north |  -.0057209   .0031098    -1.84   0.066    -.0118242    .0003824
    year_9_north |  -.0027333    .002811    -0.97   0.331    -.0082502    .0027837
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_e, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_e.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_e.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_e.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(e): Unemployment rate", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_e.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_e.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_e.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (f):  Export/GDP
. reg2hdfespatial tot_exp_r *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: tot_exp_r
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       tot_exp_r |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |   .0133152   .0097148     1.37   0.171    -.0057512    .0323817
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0070693   .0098135     0.72   0.471    -.0121909    .0263294
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0122649   .0063234     1.94   0.053    -.0001456    .0246754
year_11_mafia_n3 |  -.0036591   .0050259    -0.73   0.467    -.0135229    .0062047
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0038936   .0076353     0.51   0.610    -.0110916    .0188787
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0174682   .0101453     1.72   0.085    -.0024432    .0373796
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0076844   .0109193     0.70   0.482    -.0137459    .0291147
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0053403   .0132894     0.40   0.688    -.0207416    .0314223
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0021895   .0149842     0.15   0.884    -.0272187    .0315977
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0031895   .0143664     0.22   0.824    -.0250062    .0313852
         pop_urb |   .4789595   .2485462     1.93   0.054     -.008841      .96676
         tourism |  -.0040756   .0057726    -0.71   0.480    -.0154049    .0072537
           trial |  -1.86e-06   4.37e-06    -0.43   0.670    -.0000104    6.72e-06
       wastes_xc |   .0613089   .0803069     0.76   0.445    -.0963026    .2189205
       big_banks |    .084427   .0572342     1.48   0.141    -.0279017    .1967556
        self_emp |  -.3020862   .1146133    -2.64   0.009     -.527028   -.0771445
           blood |  -.0189996   .0113959    -1.67   0.096    -.0413653     .003366
   newspapers_ln |  -.0048008   .0163156    -0.29   0.769    -.0368221    .0272205
   year_11_north |   .0102256   .0052098     1.96   0.050     8.19e-07    .0204503
   year_12_north |   .0223135    .009291     2.40   0.017     .0040788    .0405483
   year_13_north |   .0037529   .0112923     0.33   0.740    -.0184096    .0259153
   year_14_north |   .0056485   .0134967     0.42   0.676    -.0208404    .0321374
   year_15_north |   .0151602   .0175811     0.86   0.389    -.0193448    .0496652
   year_16_north |   .0143242   .0200841     0.71   0.476    -.0250931    .0537415
   year_17_north |   .0170677    .018038     0.95   0.344     -.018334    .0524694
    year_7_north |  -.0143782   .0105864    -1.36   0.175    -.0351553    .0063988
    year_8_north |  -.0068763   .0111369    -0.62   0.537    -.0287337    .0149812
    year_9_north |  -.0026517   .0062052    -0.43   0.669    -.0148301    .0095267
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_f, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_f.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_f.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_f.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(f): Export/GDP", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_f.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_f.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_f.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (g):  Pubblic Procurement
. reg2hdfespatial proc_std_ln *_mafia_n3  pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: proc_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     proc_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -.1466324   .1800291    -0.81   0.416    -.4999603    .2066954
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0575464   .1588797     0.36   0.717    -.2542733    .3693662
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0929907   .1450327     0.64   0.522    -.1916527    .3776342
year_11_mafia_n3 |  -.0713285   .1810492    -0.39   0.694    -.4266585    .2840015
year_12_mafia_n3 |  -.2569602    .226018    -1.14   0.256    -.7005466    .1866261
year_13_mafia_n3 |  -.0965397   .2058012    -0.47   0.639    -.5004483    .3073689
year_14_mafia_n3 |  -.1301478   .1908656    -0.68   0.495    -.5047436    .2444479
year_15_mafia_n3 |  -.1563179   .1952858    -0.80   0.424    -.5395888     .226953
year_16_mafia_n3 |  -.1637967   .1972485    -0.83   0.407    -.5509196    .2233262
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0698207   .2102399     0.33   0.740    -.3427994    .4824407
         pop_urb |   5.501463   1.765995     3.12   0.002     2.035495    8.967432
         tourism |   .1153155   .0717929     1.61   0.109    -.0255863    .2562174
           trial |  -.0000414   .0000731    -0.57   0.571    -.0001848     .000102
       wastes_xc |   .6877414   .6320649     1.09   0.277    -.5527587    1.928242
       big_banks |  -.7962532   .4692317    -1.70   0.090    -1.717174     .124668
        self_emp |  -.3232457   .9523715    -0.34   0.734    -2.192384    1.545893
           blood |   .2312129   .1338089     1.73   0.084    -.0314025    .4938283
   newspapers_ln |   .3087005   .1213122     2.54   0.011     .0706113    .5467897
   year_11_north |  -.0380208   .1686228    -0.23   0.822    -.3689624    .2929208
   year_12_north |   .2717026   .2468827     1.10   0.271    -.2128331    .7562382
   year_13_north |   .5292257    .237709     2.23   0.026     .0626945     .995757
   year_14_north |   .7260412    .231422     3.14   0.002     .2718488    1.180234
   year_15_north |   .2991763    .227314     1.32   0.188    -.1469536    .7453063
   year_16_north |   .5330777   .2371132     2.25   0.025     .0677159    .9984396
   year_17_north |   .4909248   .2461085     1.99   0.046     .0079085    .9739411
    year_7_north |   .6286286    .177343     3.54   0.000     .2805724    .9766847
    year_8_north |    .403282   .1382164     2.92   0.004     .1320165    .6745475
    year_9_north |   .0349093   .1415509     0.25   0.805    -.2429008    .3127193
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_g, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_g.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_g.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_g.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(g): Public procurement", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  /*
> */ ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_g.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_g.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_g.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. * Panel (h):  EU funds
. reg2hdfespatial fund_eu_std year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n3 /*
> */ pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north /*
> */ year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>2006,/*
> */ timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: fund_eu_std
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspa
> pers_ln year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     fund_eu_std |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
year_12_mafia_n3 |  -.0125382   .0079439    -1.58   0.115    -.0281434    .0030669
year_13_mafia_n3 |  -.0181062   .0103102    -1.76   0.080    -.0383597    .0021473
year_14_mafia_n3 |  -.0203882   .0108395    -1.88   0.061    -.0416814     .000905
year_15_mafia_n3 |  -.0165668   .0110362    -1.50   0.134    -.0382464    .0051129
year_16_mafia_n3 |  -.0279188   .0096162    -2.90   0.004     -.046809   -.0090285
year_17_mafia_n3 |  -.0296681   .0102687    -2.89   0.004    -.0498401   -.0094962
         pop_urb |  -.2655312   .1630552    -1.63   0.104    -.5858395    .0547771
         tourism |  -.0019836   .0026413    -0.75   0.453    -.0071722     .003205
           trial |  -8.37e-06   5.62e-06    -1.49   0.137    -.0000194    2.67e-06
       wastes_xc |  -.0019266     .02355    -0.08   0.935    -.0481886    .0443354
       big_banks |     .01811   .0173277     1.05   0.296    -.0159288    .0521487
        self_emp |  -.0713448   .0700583    -1.02   0.309    -.2089685    .0662789
           blood |   .0132974   .0073824     1.80   0.072    -.0012047    .0277995
   newspapers_ln |  -.0059689     .00354    -1.69   0.092     -.012923    .0009852
   year_12_north |   .0214757   .0065628     3.27   0.001     .0085837    .0343677
   year_13_north |   .0303715   .0087737     3.46   0.001     .0131363    .0476067
   year_14_north |   .0269722   .0088359     3.05   0.002     .0096147    .0443297
   year_15_north |   .0329431   .0094549     3.48   0.001     .0143697    .0515166
   year_16_north |   .0354502   .0090887     3.90   0.000     .0175962    .0533042
   year_17_north |   .0378721   .0103501     3.66   0.000     .0175403    .0582039
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig6_h, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_h.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_h.dta saved

. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig6_h.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(14 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 6, now 7

. replace label="Mafia x (t)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_11_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       14.29
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       28.57
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       42.86
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       57.14
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       71.43
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29       85.71
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1       14.29      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |          7      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(7 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(7 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small)) /*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(h): EU funds", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(11(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ ytitle("Point estimate") ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig6_h.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_h.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6_h.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. cd ${dirout}
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. graph combine fig6_a.gph  fig6_b.gph  fig6_c.gph fig6_d.gph fig6_e.gph fig6_f.gph fig6_g.gph fig6_h.gph, /*
> */ graphregion(color(white))

. graph export ${dirout}fig6.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig6.eps written in EPS format)

. 
. 
. ******** FIGURE 7
. * Panel (a): Closed enterprises
. reg2hdfespatial closed_std_ln *_mafia_n3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: closed_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   closed_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |   .0041655   .0317008     0.13   0.895     -.058051    .0663821
 year_8_mafia_n3 |  -.0018516   .0299842    -0.06   0.951    -.0606991    .0569958
 year_9_mafia_n3 |  -.0081716   .0347111    -0.24   0.814    -.0762961     .059953
year_11_mafia_n3 |   -.010676   .0408192    -0.26   0.794    -.0907884    .0694364
year_12_mafia_n3 |  -.0070257   .0386368    -0.18   0.856    -.0828549    .0688034
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0349993   .0348828     1.00   0.316    -.0334623    .1034609
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0350387   .0378978     0.92   0.355    -.0393402    .1094176
year_15_mafia_n3 |   .0424888   .0332577     1.28   0.202    -.0227833    .1077609
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0189458   .0308361     0.61   0.539    -.0415737    .0794652
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0712371   .0349809     2.04   0.042     .0025832    .1398911
         pop_urb |   2.816622   .8643572     3.26   0.001     1.120222    4.513023
         tourism |   .0104514   .0137907     0.76   0.449    -.0166145    .0375172
           trial |  -.0000224   .0000125    -1.79   0.074     -.000047    2.19e-06
       wastes_xc |  -.2227351   .1433795    -1.55   0.121    -.5041339    .0586638
       big_banks |  -.1170299   .0851056    -1.38   0.169    -.2840595    .0499997
        self_emp |   .5891773   .2058041     2.86   0.004      .185263    .9930916
           blood |  -.0253759   .0259095    -0.98   0.328    -.0762262    .0254744
   newspapers_ln |  -.0017048   .0314053    -0.05   0.957    -.0633414    .0599317
   year_11_north |   .0236496    .036118     0.65   0.513    -.0472363    .0945354
   year_12_north |    .011083   .0358446     0.31   0.757     -.059266    .0814321
   year_13_north |   .0198278   .0314234     0.63   0.528    -.0418442    .0814997
   year_14_north |  -.0111846   .0375221    -0.30   0.766     -.084826    .0624568
   year_15_north |  -.0422412   .0341516    -1.24   0.216    -.1092675    .0247852
   year_16_north |  -.0109906   .0304306    -0.36   0.718    -.0707142     .048733
   year_17_north |  -.0258915   .0349959    -0.74   0.460     -.094575    .0427919
    year_7_north |   .1260728   .0305532     4.13   0.000     .0661087     .186037
    year_8_north |   .0685844   .0272795     2.51   0.012     .0150453    .1221236
    year_9_north |   .0617361   .0277858     2.22   0.027     .0072033    .1162689
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig7_a, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_a.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_a.dta saved

. test _b[year_7_mafia_n3]=_b[year_8_mafia_n3]=_b[year_9_mafia_n3]=0

 ( 1)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_8_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 2)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_9_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 3)  year_7_mafia_n3 = 0

       F(  3,   896) =    0.07
            Prob > F =    0.9762

. 
. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig7_a.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small))/*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)),/*
> */ title("(a): Closed enterprises", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate", s(small)) ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig7_a.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_a.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_a.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. 
. * Panel (b): Registered enterprises
. reg2hdfespatial registered_std_ln *_mafia_n3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: registered_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  year_7_mafia_n3 year_8_mafia_n3 year_9_mafia_n3 year_11_mafia_n3 year_12_mafia_n3 year_13_mafia_n3 year_14_mafia_n3 year_15_mafia_n3 year_16_mafia_n3 year_17_mafia_n
> 3 pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north yea
> r_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
registered_std~n |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
-----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
 year_7_mafia_n3 |  -4.69e-06   .0071591    -0.00   0.999    -.0140552    .0140458
 year_8_mafia_n3 |   .0015011   .0061899     0.24   0.808    -.0106472    .0136494
 year_9_mafia_n3 |   .0033568   .0053546     0.63   0.531    -.0071522    .0138659
year_11_mafia_n3 |  -.0013303   .0071991    -0.18   0.853    -.0154594    .0127988
year_12_mafia_n3 |   .0060403   .0079514     0.76   0.448    -.0095651    .0216458
year_13_mafia_n3 |   .0205088   .0141793     1.45   0.148    -.0073198    .0483373
year_14_mafia_n3 |   .0214949    .011216     1.92   0.056    -.0005177    .0435075
year_15_mafia_n3 |    .022854   .0111177     2.06   0.040     .0010342    .0446738
year_16_mafia_n3 |   .0252964   .0110401     2.29   0.022      .003629    .0469638
year_17_mafia_n3 |   .0210612   .0117452     1.79   0.073      -.00199    .0441125
         pop_urb |   2.591526   .5413145     4.79   0.000     1.529134    3.653918
         tourism |   -.001224   .0054222    -0.23   0.821    -.0118656    .0094177
           trial |  -2.89e-06   3.69e-06    -0.79   0.432    -.0000101    4.34e-06
       wastes_xc |  -.0777265   .0562935    -1.38   0.168     -.188209    .0327559
       big_banks |  -.1031252   .0464473    -2.22   0.027    -.1942833   -.0119671
        self_emp |   .1115491   .0616026     1.81   0.071    -.0093531    .2324513
           blood |  -.0121526   .0116165    -1.05   0.296    -.0349513    .0106462
   newspapers_ln |   .0175111    .013627     1.29   0.199    -.0092336    .0442557
   year_11_north |  -.0106867   .0056375    -1.90   0.058    -.0217509    .0003775
   year_12_north |  -.0182018    .008087    -2.25   0.025    -.0340735   -.0023301
   year_13_north |  -.0096872   .0143001    -0.68   0.498    -.0377527    .0183783
   year_14_north |  -.0236053   .0093882    -2.51   0.012    -.0420306   -.0051799
   year_15_north |  -.0291913   .0098094    -2.98   0.003    -.0484435   -.0099392
   year_16_north |  -.0375019   .0102157    -3.67   0.000    -.0575514   -.0174525
   year_17_north |  -.0453051   .0114047    -3.97   0.000     -.067688   -.0229221
    year_7_north |    .017581   .0082019     2.14   0.032     .0014838    .0336782
    year_8_north |   .0118929   .0069953     1.70   0.089    -.0018362    .0256219
    year_9_north |    .006885   .0060803     1.13   0.258    -.0050483    .0188184
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. parmest, sav(${dirout}fig7_b, replace) level(90 95 99)label
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_b.dta not found)
file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_b.dta saved

. test _b[year_7_mafia_n3]=_b[year_8_mafia_n3]=_b[year_9_mafia_n3]=0

 ( 1)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_8_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 2)  year_7_mafia_n3 - year_9_mafia_n3 = 0
 ( 3)  year_7_mafia_n3 = 0

       F(  3,   896) =    0.25
            Prob > F =    0.8600

. 
. preserve

. use ${dirout}fig7_b.dta, clear

. keep if strpos(parm, "mafia_n3")
(18 observations deleted)

. set obs `=_N+1'
number of observations (_N) was 10, now 11

. replace label="Mafia x (t-1)" if label==""
(1 real change made)

. replace parm="year_10_mafia_n3" if parm==""
(1 real change made)

. foreach var in estimate stderr dof t p min90 max90 min95 max95 min99 max99 {
  2. replace `var'=0 if `var'==.
  3. }
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)
(1 real change made)

. tab parm, sort

  Parameter name |      Freq.     Percent        Cum.
-----------------+-----------------------------------
year_10_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09        9.09
year_11_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       18.18
year_12_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       27.27
year_13_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       36.36
year_14_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       45.45
year_15_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       54.55
year_16_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       63.64
year_17_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       72.73
 year_7_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       81.82
 year_8_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09       90.91
 year_9_mafia_n3 |          1        9.09      100.00
-----------------+-----------------------------------
           Total |         11      100.00

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"_mafia_n3","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. replace parm=subinstr(parm,"year_","",.)
(11 real changes made)

. destring parm, replace
parm: all characters numeric; replaced as byte

. labmask parm, values(label)

. drop label

. twoway (scatter estimate parm, mcolor(black) msymbol(circle) msize(small))/*
> */ (rcap min99 max99 parm, lcolor(gs10)) (rcap min95 max95 parm, lcolor(gs5)) (rcap min90 max90 parm, lcolor(black)), /*
> */ title("(b): Registered enterprises", s(small) c(black)) xlabel(, valuelabels angle(0) labsize(vsmall)) xtitle("") legend(off) /*
> */ graphregion(color(white)) bgcolor(white) xlabel(7(1)17,angle(45) labs(small)) yline(0, lpattern(dash) lc(black)) /*
> */ xline(10, lc(black) lp(dash))  ytitle("Point estimate", s(small)) ylabel(, labs(vsmall))

. graph save ${dirout}fig7_b.gph, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_b.gph not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7_b.gph saved)

. restore

. 
. 
. cd ${dirout}
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. graph combine fig7_a.gph fig7_b.gph, graphregion(color(white)) ycommon

. graph export ${dirout}fig7.eps, replace
(note: file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7.eps not found)
(file C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\fig7.eps written in EPS format)

. 
. 
. 
. *________________________________________ TABLES
. 
. ******** TABLE 1
. preserve

. keep if year>=2003 & year<=2006 
(1,339 observations deleted)

. collapse big_banks pop_urb wastes_xc tourism self_emp  trial blood newspapers mafia_n3, by(name_prov)

. ttable2 big_banks self_emp tourism wastes_xc trial pop_urb newspapers blood, by(mafia_n3) format(%10.3f) 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Variables   G1(0)            Mean1     G2(1)          Mean2      MeanDiff
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
big_banks     56                0.329     28             0.404     -0.074**
self_emp      56                0.285     28             0.269      0.016*
tourism       56                3.361     28             2.098      1.264
wastes_xc     56                0.551     28             0.562     -0.011
trial         56             3048.281     28          3082.661    -34.379
pop_urb       56                0.255     28             0.294     -0.039
newspapers    56              122.328     28           115.055      7.273
blood         56                3.810     28             3.148      0.662
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

. restore

. 
. 
. ******** TABLE 2
. ** Col. (1): Prov FE + crisis
. local vtext: var label new_std_ln

. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int if year>=2003, timevar(crisis) panelvar(id)  lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0380864   .0203575     1.87   0.062     -.001866    .0780387
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab2, label nonotes replace keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, NO, North X Year FE, NO, Controls, NO)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab2.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. ** Col. (2): Prov FE + year FE
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0380864   .0173714     2.19   0.029     .0039943    .0721784
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab2, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, NO, Controls, NO)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab2.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. ** Col. (3): Prov FE + year FE + North X Year FE
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0362154   .0130247     2.78   0.006     .0106537    .0617772
      year_11_north |   -.031096   .0116906    -2.66   0.008    -.0540395   -.0081525
      year_12_north |  -.0594121   .0125972    -4.72   0.000     -.084135   -.0346893
      year_13_north |  -.0614667   .0170142    -3.61   0.000    -.0948581   -.0280753
      year_14_north |  -.0875176   .0159231    -5.50   0.000    -.1187678   -.0562675
      year_15_north |  -.0996828   .0165709    -6.02   0.000    -.1322042   -.0671614
      year_16_north |  -.1213035   .0172235    -7.04   0.000    -.1551058   -.0875012
      year_17_north |  -.1362635   .0177673    -7.67   0.000     -.171133    -.101394
       year_7_north |   .0247805   .0199091     1.24   0.214    -.0142924    .0638534
       year_8_north |   .0320864   .0183036     1.75   0.080    -.0038356    .0680085
       year_9_north |   .0212283    .020436     1.04   0.299    -.0188786    .0613353
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab2, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, YES, Controls, NO)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab2.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. ** Col. (4): Prov FE + year FE +  Controls
. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int   pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0389325   .0130149     2.99   0.003     .0133901     .064475
            pop_urb |   2.637761   .5965252     4.42   0.000     1.467044    3.808478
            tourism |   .0070624   .0086261     0.82   0.413    -.0098669    .0239917
              trial |  -.0000127   6.60e-06    -1.93   0.054    -.0000257    2.38e-07
          wastes_xc |  -.0046153   .0927041    -0.05   0.960    -.1865527    .1773222
          big_banks |  -.0836707   .0617255    -1.36   0.176    -.2048108    .0374693
           self_emp |   .2585636   .1309685     1.97   0.049     .0015299    .5155972
              blood |   .0757016   .0126123     6.00   0.000     .0509491    .1004541
      newspapers_ln |   .0165457   .0217911     0.76   0.448    -.0262207    .0593121
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab2, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, NO, Controls, YES)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab2.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. ** Col. (5): Prov FE + year FE + Controls + North X Year FE
. sum new_std if crisis==0 & mafia_n3==1 & year>2003

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. Dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
     new_std |         84    697.2123    172.8622   417.6245   1393.859

. local mean_new=r(mean)

. sum pop_tot if crisis==0 & mafia_n3==1  & year>2003 /*this is 853005*/

    Variable |        Obs        Mean    Std. Dev.       Min        Max
-------------+---------------------------------------------------------
     pop_tot |         84    853005.2    926222.3     200827    3823955

. reg2hdfespatial new_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int   pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11)
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: new_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year
> _16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         new_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |     .04053   .0106959     3.79   0.000     .0195384    .0615216
            pop_urb |   2.466994   .5562963     4.43   0.000     1.375213    3.558775
            tourism |   .0059806   .0072976     0.82   0.413    -.0083416    .0203028
              trial |  -.0000137   6.94e-06    -1.98   0.048    -.0000273   -1.02e-07
          wastes_xc |    .039549   .0924366     0.43   0.669    -.1418661     .220964
          big_banks |  -.1313239   .0553772    -2.37   0.018    -.2400065   -.0226413
           self_emp |   .1907342   .1261275     1.51   0.131    -.0568022    .4382706
              blood |   .0193614   .0139521     1.39   0.166    -.0080208    .0467436
      newspapers_ln |   .0162767    .022475     0.72   0.469    -.0278326    .0603859
      year_11_north |  -.0303455   .0119086    -2.55   0.011    -.0537171   -.0069739
      year_12_north |  -.0504393   .0139102    -3.63   0.000    -.0777392   -.0231394
      year_13_north |  -.0524102   .0154033    -3.40   0.001    -.0826405   -.0221799
      year_14_north |  -.0680124   .0162752    -4.18   0.000     -.099954   -.0360708
      year_15_north |  -.0784989   .0166515    -4.71   0.000    -.1111791   -.0458188
      year_16_north |  -.0996683   .0177264    -5.62   0.000    -.1344579   -.0648787
      year_17_north |  -.1122638   .0179958    -6.24   0.000    -.1475821   -.0769454
       year_7_north |   .0044245   .0159967     0.28   0.782    -.0269704    .0358195
       year_8_north |   .0109316   .0130075     0.84   0.401    -.0145967      .03646
       year_9_north |   .0000403   .0114515     0.00   0.997    -.0224343     .022515
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab2, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, YES, Controls, YES)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab2.tex
dir : seeout

. local beta=_b[crisis_mafia_n3_int]

. local effect= round(`beta'*`mean_new'*(853005/100000))

. display "`effect'"
241

. 
. 
. ******** TABLE 3
. ** Col. (1): Closed ent.
. local vtext: var label closed_std_ln

. reg2hdfespatial closed_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp  blood newspapers_ln  year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11) 
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: closed_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year
> _16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      closed_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0273592   .0183525     1.49   0.136    -.0086592    .0633775
            pop_urb |   2.857496   .8714314     3.28   0.001     1.147235    4.567758
            tourism |   .0123023   .0139146     0.88   0.377    -.0150062    .0396109
              trial |  -.0000222   .0000121    -1.83   0.068     -.000046    1.64e-06
          wastes_xc |  -.2347837   .1450029    -1.62   0.106    -.5193647    .0497973
          big_banks |  -.1164378   .0872465    -1.33   0.182    -.2876668    .0547911
           self_emp |   .5913612   .2093527     2.82   0.005     .1804878    1.002234
              blood |  -.0212031   .0264847    -0.80   0.424    -.0731815    .0307754
      newspapers_ln |  -.0097257   .0320326    -0.30   0.761    -.0725925    .0531411
      year_11_north |   .0248597   .0365067     0.68   0.496    -.0467878    .0965073
      year_12_north |   .0131862   .0362998     0.36   0.716    -.0580554    .0844277
      year_13_north |    .021822   .0318482     0.69   0.493    -.0406829    .0843268
      year_14_north |  -.0090367   .0376365    -0.24   0.810    -.0829016    .0648282
      year_15_north |  -.0397324   .0343151    -1.16   0.247    -.1070787     .027614
      year_16_north |   -.008102    .030708    -0.26   0.792    -.0683691    .0521651
      year_17_north |  -.0231239   .0355264    -0.65   0.515    -.0928476    .0465997
       year_7_north |   .1261888   .0306587     4.12   0.000     .0660184    .1863591
       year_8_north |   .0687252   .0274792     2.50   0.013     .0147948    .1226557
       year_9_north |    .061872    .028211     2.19   0.029     .0065053    .1172387
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab3, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons replace/*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, YES, Controls, YES)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab3.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. ** Col. (2): Registered ent.
. local vtext: var label registered_std_ln

. reg2hdfespatial registered_std_ln crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks /*
> */ self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north /*
> */ year_16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north if year>=2003, timevar(year) panelvar(id) lat(latitude) lon(longitude) distcutoff(200) lagcutoff(11) 
 
OLS REGRESSION
 
SE CORRECTED FOR CROSS-SECTIONAL SPATIAL DEPENDANCE
             AND PANEL-SPECIFIC SERIAL CORRELATION
 
DEPENDANT VARIABLE: registered_std_ln
INDEPENDANT VARIABLES:  crisis_mafia_n3_int pop_urb tourism trial wastes_xc big_banks self_emp blood newspapers_ln year_11_north year_12_north year_13_north year_14_north year_15_north year
> _16_north year_17_north year_7_north year_8_north year_9_north
 
SPATIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 200 KM
(NOTE: LINEAR BARTLETT WINDOW USED FOR SPATIAL KERNAL)
SERIAL CORRELATION KERNAL CUTOFF: 11 PERIODS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  registered_std_ln |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf. Interval]
--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------
crisis_mafia_n3_int |   .0151628   .0089343     1.70   0.090    -.0023716    .0326971
            pop_urb |   2.608289   .5441819     4.79   0.000     1.540284    3.676294
            tourism |  -.0007114   .0054548    -0.13   0.896     -.011417    .0099942
              trial |  -2.86e-06   3.72e-06    -0.77   0.442    -.0000102    4.44e-06
          wastes_xc |  -.0815265   .0568924    -1.43   0.152    -.1931828    .0301299
          big_banks |  -.1024597   .0459863    -2.23   0.026    -.1927119   -.0122075
           self_emp |   .1146238   .0624948     1.83   0.067    -.0080278    .2372754
              blood |  -.0105437   .0112843    -0.93   0.350    -.0326901    .0116027
      newspapers_ln |   .0151133   .0131582     1.15   0.251    -.0107108    .0409374
      year_11_north |   -.010214   .0058447    -1.75   0.081    -.0216849    .0012568
      year_12_north |  -.0174508   .0080293    -2.17   0.030     -.033209   -.0016927
      year_13_north |   -.008945   .0143742    -0.62   0.534    -.0371556    .0192655
      year_14_north |  -.0227921   .0094527    -2.41   0.016    -.0413439   -.0042402
      year_15_north |  -.0282254   .0098524    -2.86   0.004    -.0475615   -.0088892
      year_16_north |  -.0365818    .010287    -3.56   0.000    -.0567709   -.0163926
      year_17_north |  -.0440286   .0113564    -3.88   0.000    -.0663165   -.0217407
       year_7_north |    .017592   .0081925     2.15   0.032     .0015135    .0336704
       year_8_north |   .0118476   .0069565     1.70   0.089    -.0018052    .0255003
       year_9_north |   .0067829   .0060053     1.13   0.259     -.005003    .0185688
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS

. outreg2 using ${dirout}tab3, label nonotes keep(crisis_mafia_n3_int) nocons /*
> */ addtext(Prov. FE, YES, Year FE, YES, North X Year FE, YES, Controls, YES)  ct("`vtext'") tex(frag) text dec(3) 
C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\tab3.tex
dir : seeout

. 
. 
. log close
      name:  <unnamed>
       log:  C:\Users\Chiocchio\Dropbox\Mafia\1_Do_Files\Final\RESULTS_MAIN_ANALYSIS\Main_analysis.log
  log type:  text
 closed on:  12 May 2020, 18:29:46
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